9.19.11+-+Embryology+of+Heart

1. Describe the process of cardiogenesis (ie. That splanchnic mesoderm cells give rise to committed cardiac cells, these embryonic cardiac cells coalesce into paired heart tubes, and the paired heart tubes fuse to form a single heart tube within the pericardial sac). Describe the developmental fates of the dorsal mesocardium, the epicardium, the splanchnic mesoderm surrounding the heart tube, and the endocardial heart tube cells themselves.

2. Understand the flow of blood through (and be able to name) the 5 regions of the 2- chambered heart. Name the opening that lies between the inflow tract and the atrium. Describe how the fused endocardial cushion forms at the atrioventricular canal. Describe how septation of the atrium occurs. Include in your description the role of the septa primum and secundum, the foramena primum, secundum, and ovalis, and the fused endocardial cushion. Describe how the embryonic interatrial septum allows for one-way blood flow from the right to left atria. Describe how resorption of the walls of the sinus venosus and the single pulmonary vein contributes to the wall of the right and left atria, respectively. Describe the embryonic origins of the crista terminalis and the 4 adult pulmonary veins. Describe how septation of the ventricle occurs. Name the 3 embryological sources of cells that make up the adult interventricular septum. Describe how the bulbar and truncal ridges give rise to a spiral septum that divides it into separate aorta and pulmonary trunk. Describe how the semilunar and cusp valves develop. Describe how the branchial arch and intersegmental arteries contribute to the adult pattern of proximal arteries associated with the aortic arch. Name the 5 embryonic structures of the cardiovascular system that undergo a transformation after birth, and name the adult structures that result.

http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/cvanim/aarch/aarch.html